HOW A RWANDAN RESIDING IN RWANDA MAY MAKE A VALID WILL /TESTAMENT IN RWANDA.

HOW A RWANDAN RESIDING IN RWANDA MAY MAKE A VALID WILL /TESTAMENT IN RWANDA.

LAWS APPLICABLE

• The constitution of the Republic of Rwanda
• Nº27/2016 of 08/07/2016   Law governing matrimonial regimes, donations and
• Among others.

• A will is a revocable unilateral deed intended to have legal effect which is drawn up in accordance with one of the procedures prescribed by law, by which a person determines the disposition of his/ her property after his/her death. The testator gratuitously transfers his/her property, the full ownership of which is acquired by the legatee after the testator’s death.
• A will or testament is a legal document by which a person /the testator /the maker expresses his or her wishes as to how their estate is to be dealt with or  distributed upon his or her death, and may name one or more persons (executrix or executor) to manage his or her estate until its final distribution

 A will is either authentic or private.

• An authentic will is the one made by the testator and notarized by the Notary public or the Civil Registrar of the testator’s place of residence or domicile.
• The Civil Registrar or the Notary and the lawyer (incase the testator has a lawyer) keep the original documents and records the date on which the will is made along with the testator’s name and domicile or residence in the appropriate register.
•  The original documents and the register are kept confidential and only be made accessible to those involved in the will after the testator’s death
• A private will is the one entirely handwritten by the testator in the presence of at least two (2) witnesses, dated and signed by the testator and witnesses. If the testator cannot write or is unable to draw up and sign the will, he/ she can designate a person of his/her choice to draw up the will on his/her behalf

The following are Persons capable of making wills.

• Any person with the required legal capacity may dispose of all or part of his/her property by a will in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
•  However, a will made by one spouse married under community of property regime or limited community of property regime related to common property must be allowed by the other spouse through written consent.
•  The testator as well as his/her spouse must have the legal capacity at the time of making a will
• Every person of sound mind and not a minor may by will dispose of his or her property.
• A married woman may by will dispose of any property which she could alienate by her own act during her life.
• A person who is deaf or dumb or blind is not thereby incapacitated for making a will if he or she is able to know what he or she does by it
• A person who is ordinarily insane may make a will during an interval in which he or she is of sound mind.
• No person can make a will while he or she is in such a state of mind, whether arising from drunkenness or from illness or from any other cause, that the person does not know what he or she is doing
• A will or any part of a will, the making of which has been caused by fraud or coercion or by such importunity as takes away the free agency of the testator, is void.
• A will can be revoked or altered by its maker at any time when he or she is competent to dispose of his or her property by will

• The testator shall sign or affix his or her mark to the will, or it shall be signed by some other person in his or her presence and by his or her direction;
• the signature or mark of the testator or the signature of the person signing for him or her shall be so placed that it shall appear that it was intended thereby to give effect to the writing as a will;
• the will shall be attested by two or more witnesses, each of whom must have seen the testator sign or affix his or her mark to the will, or have seen some other person sign the will in the presence and by the direction of the testator, or have received from the testator a personal acknowledgment of his or her signature or mark, or of the signature of that other person; and each of the witnesses must sign the will in the presence of the testator, but it shall not be necessary that more than one witness be present at the same time, and no particular form of attestation shall be necessary.

HOW A RWANDAN RESIDING IN RWANDA MAY MAKE A VALID WILL /TESTAMENT IN RWANDA.

First consult a lawyer about you desire to make a will for guidance and if you can afford it is wise that he or she drafts it for you under your guidance and take it to the notary public or civil Registrar to notarize it if you are a Rwandan in Rwanda.

If you are married under the Rwandan law it will also depend on type of matrimonial regimes you got married under.

Nevertheless;

• State your name,
• Address,
• Date,
• Where you are making this will from.
• You may also identify yourself by stating further particulars like

(I). Father’s name

(Ii). Mother’s name

(iii). Grandparents

1. Maternal
2. Paternal

(iv) Your clan is

(vi) Your Tribe is

(vii) Your Religion is

• Your Date of birth and national id particulars
• Your Home Village (omudugudu
• Your Home cells
• Your Home sector (umurenge)
• Your Home districts
• Your Home country
• State your marital status
• Identify a person who will publish the will in the official Gazzatte
• State your children if any children:
• State your dependents if any that their names relationship and address (These should be relatives or other people whom you would like to provide for in your will)
• Appoint your heir or heiress by stating his or her full particulars that could be son / daughter/ grandchild/ sister/ brother/uncle among others
• Appoint the Executors/ Executrix of your Will if any with their full particulars i.e. names, their address and relationship for purposes of identification.
• Appoint the person/ persons with his/her/their full details to be guardians of your young children if any.
• List all your acquired the properties that you wish with their particulars i.e. property, location and identification details
• List the Bank Accounts(S) that you hold if any that’s account number ,account type, bank and branch
• List your shares / interest in the businesses if any with:
• Indicate your NSSF No. If any
• Provident Fund No if any
• If you are self-employed (give details) including Address and Position of employment
• Distribute your properties as you wish by stating the name of the beneficiary ,the relationship and particulars of the property/share given to or him

Note:  If your spouse and children are living in your principal residence, do not include it among the property to be distributed

• State how you want your properties to be distributed if you have special conditions for distributing your property
• List of properties not distributed if any.
• State how you want the properties distributed to children to be dealt with
• List your creditors if any with the full particulars
• List your debtors if any with their full particulars
• State where you want to be buried upon your death that is Village/Town, District, Country
• Write your name address, signature/Mark and date before two witnesses who shall also witness your testament by appending their full names, contacts, address, date, profession and their respective signatures/Mark
• Make at least three copies of the will seal and keep them by with different trusted people

Please note the following

• The maker should be free from any form of influence or coercion.
• Have at least two people who are not beneficiaries in the will to witness your will.
• If you cannot write get somebody to write for you what you wish.
• Counter sign on each and every page of your will.
• The witnesses are under any obligation to know the contents of your will.
• Avoid the contents of your willing linking to the general public including beneficiaries.

Author is A regional transactions legal consultant (ADVOCATE) at NOA REGIONAL ASSOCIATED ADVOCATES AND LEGAL CONSULTANTS
Email address: onlinetransactionconsultancy@gmail.com.

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NOTE: whereas the author has made necessary efforts to ensure the accuracy of this post, it is not intended to provide specific legal advice to a particular individual as individual situations may differ.

For specific professional/ legal transaction advice on this subject matter and related subject, you may contact the author at online consultancy fee, or contact any transaction legal consultant of your choice.
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